Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms



F. vow MARTINL Improvement in Breach-Loading Fire-Arms.

Patented Oct. 15, 1872.

UNITED` STATES PATENT GEEICE.;

FRIEDRICH VON MARTINI, OF FRAUENFELD, SWITZERLAND.

IMPROVEMENT 1N BREEcH-LOADING'Fmr-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 132,222, dated October 15, 1872.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH voN MAR- TINI, oi Frauenfeld, Switzerland, have invented cert-ain Improvements in Brecon-Loading Fire-Arms, of which the following is a speciflcation:

The lirst part of my invention relates to the construction of breech-loadingire-arms with a tumbler-rest working upon a separate axis-pin between the axis-pin of the tumbler-lever and the axis-pin of the trigger, apart ofthe tumblerlever resting directly upon the tumbler-rest so as to reduce the pressure on the trigger. The second part of. my invention relates to the construction of such arms so as to lock the firing mechanism in the firing position automatically by means of a face on the hand-lever operating upon the locking or-safety bolt.

Figure l is a central longitudinal vertical section of a breech action embodying my invention,andshows the ringmechanism cocked and locked in the ring position. Fig. 2 is a4 vertical transverse section, showin gthose parts of the action which are at the left hand of the line A B drawn across Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the locking-bolt and other parts taken in the line -G D of Fig. 4. Fig. 4i is a horizonal section, showing those parts of the action which are below the line E F drawn through Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a similar view to Fig. 3, but shows the positions of the parts when the trigger has been unlocked and the gun fired.

The action shown is, except as to the tumbler-rest and locking apparatus, constructed on the well-known Martini plan, forming the subject of a former patent granted to me, and dated the 25th day of May, 1869, No. 90 614i.

itis the lock-frame or body; b, the barrelscrew; c, the breech-block; d, the exploding-v pin; e, the mainspring; f, the tubular screw or stop nut; g, the tumbler-lever or tumbler; and h, its fulcrum-pin. The short arm g of the tumbler-lever rests directly upon a tumblerrest, t, which works upon a separate axis-pin,

k, placed between the axis-pin h of the tum- 'blcr-lever and the axis-pin l of the trigger, so

that a principal proportion of the pressure communicated from the mainspring e to the tumbler-lever gis conveyed to and borne by the axis-pin k, thus reducing the pressure on the trigger. The shorter arm m1 of the trigger m is formed with a bent, as shown, to receive the nose il of the tumbler-rest when the arm is cocked. When the tumbler-rest Ais released, by pulling the" trigger, the pressure of the tumbler-lever g against the tumbler-rest t' causes the latter to turn on its axis until it allows the tumbler-lever to pass, as shown in Fig. 5. During the act of recocking the arm the hand -lever n comes in contact with the small sliding pin o, thereby pushing the same against the lower arm i2 of the tumbler-rest, and moving its upper arm back under the short arm g of the tumbler-lever g, whereupon the bent in the shorter arm of the trigger is moved by the trigger-spring m2 into the proper position for receiving the nose il of the tumblerrest, as shown in Fig. l. The tumbler-resti is recessed to receive the free end of a spring, s, which tends to keep the tumbler-rest i in the bent formed in the short arm g of the tumbler-lever. In some cases this spring s may be made sufficiently powerful to fulfill the ofiice of the sliding pin o, which may then be dispensed with. The firing mechanism is locked in the iring position automatically by means of the locking or safety bolt p, which is arranged to slide along the trigger-plate q, and is actuated by a suitable face, n', on the handlever. When the hand-lever n is depressed, as shown dotted in Fig. 3, so as to ropen the breech and cock the piece, it pushes the projecting part p1 of the locking-bolt p under the projection or lug m3 formed on the trigger m, thereby locking the trigger. The bolt p is formed with a spring tailpiece, p2, which catches in iudentations formed in the plate q, as shown, for retaining the bolt in its respective positions. When the trigger is locked it can only be released by withdrawing the bolt p by means of the thumb-piece p3, which works in' a recess formed in the plate q, and is attached to a projecting part of the bolt p, as shown. When it is desired yto dispense with the automatic lookin g of the firing mechanism the bolt p may be moved forward by means of its thumb-piece until the projection on the under side of the spring tail-piece p2 takes into the indentation q in the tri gger-plate q, whereby the bolt will be retained beyond the iniiuence of the hand-lever a.

I do not limit the application of my invention to the precise construction of action shown in the drawing, las the same may be varied without departing from the distinctive char-l acter of my invention. I lay no claim to the locking-bolt 1o, except When it is used in combination with a face on the hand-lever, so as to operate automatically; but

What I do claim as my invention is- 1. In breech-loading fire-arms, the combination, with the tumbler-lever and trigger, of a tumbler-rest, Workin g upon a separate axis between the axis-pins of -said lever and trigger, v said tumbler lever an'd rest being' constructed and arranged to operate in connection with the trigger, substantially as herein described, s0 that a part of the tumbler-lever shallrest or press down directly upon the tumbler-rest to reduce the pressure on the trigger, as set forth.

2. In breech-loading fire-arms, the combination, with the firing mechanism and the handlever, of a locking or safety bolt, operated by means of a face on said lever to lock said mechanism in the ring position automatically, substantially as shown and set forth.

FR. MARTINI. Witnesses:

WM. KNOLL, B. SCHERR. 

